About the Grazing Lands
Grazing lands are mostly open woodland dominated by Eucalyptus and Corymbia species with a grassy understorey, but paperbark woodlands, lancewood open woodlands and bluegrass communities can also be found on open grasslands. This reflects the region’s diversity of landforms, geology, soil types, climatic variation and fire history. The grazing lands generally support native vegetation from pre-European times; however, these have been altered by weeds and feral animals, altered fire regimes and grazing pressure. Consequently, the understorey and grass layer cannot support the wildlife it once did, with small mammals and birds which rely on grass seeds being the most effected.
A changing climate
A decrease in surface ground cover may occur, resulting in a reduction in livestock carrying capacity as a result of these climate induced stresses. Changed climatic conditions may also favour weed species and will accelerate woody thickening meaning longer lived perennial pasture and tree species may have reduced survival during long drought periods.
Altered fire regimes also have the potential to radically alter vegetation communities, especially the grass understorey that many wildlife and cattle depend on. This will further impact on already vulnerable species including small to medium sized marsupials and rodents that have small home ranges or favour unburnt habitat (eg. common brush tail possums and black footed tree rat) as well as reptiles like the spotted tree monitor. It may also facilitate predation and prey switching by feral pigs and wild dogs to target mammal communities and also possibly calves.
We know riparian corridors are very important, however increased intense high rainfall events will accelerate bank erosion, gullying of drainage line and frontage country and the destruction of riverine corridor vegetation. Reduced water supply will also lead to more livestock pressure on river and creek frontages.
Our Goals
Provide targeted extension (group and one-on-one) and tailored communications, to encourage and inform producers about the use of management practices that build the resilience of the grazing industry to drought and climate variability. These management practices include:
- The use of flexible stocking rates in response to seasonal variability;
- Matching cattle numbers to feed supplies;
- Rotational wet season spelling of pastures;
- Timely fire management to control woody weeds and native woodland thickening;
- Improving herd production efficiencies e.g. live weight gain, death rates and weaning rates;
- Regular monitoring of pasture (end of wet season and late dry season) to inform stocking rate decisions and to track the condition-productivity of native pasture systems;
- The development of sustainable and appropriate scaled irrigated pasture on grazing properties; and
- The development of Grazing Land Management Plans including elements like fencing configurations, water distribution, seasonal spelling, integrated weed and fire management, feral animal control and total grazing pressure across the property.
- Holistic Management
Southern Gulf Catchments (SGC);
RegenAg;
Qld Department of Agriculture(QDAF);
Meat and Livestock Australia (MLA);
Gulf Cattlemen’s Association;
Agforce;
Gulf Savannah Development.
- Continue the Tropical Savanna Grazing Program (TSGP) with follow-up engagements and extension to the 15 properties per annum of the 53 properties already engaged in the program and provide extension to 12 new enterprises per annum, representing 75 follow up/repeat engagements and 60 new engagements from 2016 to 2021;
- Ensure there is a reserve of financial resources and extension staff hours to respond reactively when needed, particularly in times of natural disaster;
- Publish one article featuring one of the topics above in the quarterly Gulf Vision magazine and Northern Muster each issue;
- Annual grazing forum to cover aspects of all of the above at each event;
- Coordinate 2 field days per annum on grazing properties to showcase innovation and continued learnings, resulting a total of 10 field days over the period from 2016-2021.
This action continues and expands on the very successful Tropical Savannah Grazing program, which provides extension and support, as well as targeted training and communications to the Northern Gulf region’s grazing enterprises and communities. The program enjoys the legacy of two decades of networks and relationships which NGRMG has developed in the region, which has been developed into a highly successful model of holistic, grazing extension. This program also represents a very successful NRM/ Queensland government partnership, where resources are combined for maximum value to Northern Gulf grazing communities.
Provide GIS mapping services to land managers across the grazing lands. In repeat visits, evaluate the effectiveness of the outcomes of the mapping projects undertaken to date to determine if the service has been effective in improving land condition through better stock management.
QDAF;
Agforce;
SGC;
NRM Spatial hub.
- Continue the extensive mapping service, with the targets of 5 follow-up maps with updated information to existing clients, and 15 new property maps for grazing enterprises per annum, resulting in 25 updated property maps and 75 new property maps from 2016- 2021, which represents property mapping over 70% of the region’s pastoral leases;
- Provide one on one training to mapping recipients to improve their own GIS capabilities, so they can access more relevant spatial information, through the NRM Spatial hub and other online mapping portals;
- Develop basic survey template to audit the benefits and uses of current mapping clients in follow up visits
Property mapping has been cited repeatedly by grazing clients as an excellent service which has provided essential information and planning capacity to graziers.
Where possible, map areas which include the same or similar vegetation types to facilitate the fencing of each paddock to minimize the overuse of some preferred areas by stock. These services can assist in adaptive land management – 80% of the properties are coming back to do further mapping and drought planning. Future and follow up property maps can include ground cover and biomass derived from Landsat imagery.
Provide one-on-one business analysis support to beef enterprises, to improve productivity, profitability and sustainability.
QDAF;
Qld TAFE;
Continue the Beef $ense program, aiming to offer one-on-one business support services to 80% of small to medium grazing enterprises in the Northern Gulf region, between 2016-2021.
The legacy of our program is to help producers understand their business and build resilience to seasonal, market, disease and policy threats. Moderate stocking rates and wet season spelling are fundamental to building beef business resilience.
Investigate opportunities for remote mentoring, training and skills development programs for grazing communities, to:
- Maintain good ground cover;
- Build capacity of graziers as environmental stewards;
- Develop succession pathways for younger generations;
- Diversify skills in remote areas;
- Educate and train local landowners and the wider pastoral community about specific rehabilitation techniques and the benefits of erosion control; and
- Promote regional best management practices (Grazing BMP).
QDAF;
Normanton TAFE;
Mareeba Agriculture College;
Employment and education agencies (various);
Bynoe;
Commonwealth Development and Employment Program (CDEP);
MLA;
Agforce;
James Cook University.
- Develop a contact list of Registered Training Organisations (RTO) providers, and research into education and employment funding, partnerships and collaborations.
- Liaise with and where possible broker partnerships with education and employment providers to include opportunities in the region which integrate the above mentioned values.
There is a well-recognized need for more site-specific, regionally-relevant training and mentoring programs and opportunities in the Northern Gulf region. This need led to the establishment of RITE in Charters Towers, which recently ceased operations. This has led to an even greater gap in provision of this service, which has implications for retaining young people in the region and succession in grazing enterprises. There is an opportunity for NGRMG to partner with education and employment providers to deliver tailored, remote mentoring, training and skills programs to fill this gap, and further increase NRM community capacity in the grazing lands.
Establish learning (demonstration) sites and case studies that promote novel or innovative grazing land management practices and the intergration of good conservation principles with sound economic management of a grazing property.
QDAF;
Meat and Livestock Australia;
Agforce.
- Promote existing demonstration sites by featuring 3 current “learning sites” in online videos, explaining the trials and learnings of each site.
- Aim to establish 5 more case study/demonstration sites across the region, representing a range of management practices and land types, by 2021
The term learning sites has been adopted to convey the message that these sites are experimental and the focus of continual learning, as opposed to demonstrations of best practice. However selecting and communicating several key learning sites across the region is important as it provides a good news story and showcases innovation that is relevant to the regional context.
Assess the feasibility of large-scale, longer-term, controlled-access fencing of erosion scarp front(s), by establishing a small number of large scale sites within the Mitchell River basins which involve establishment of controlled-access fencing along entire erosion scarp fronts at a sub-catchment/reach/grazing land management (GLM)/enterprise scale, to prevent further gully retreat in predicted extreme rainfall events.
Griffiths University;
Tropical rivers and coastal knowledge (TRaCK);
Mitchell River Watershed Management Group (MRWMG);
Gulf graziers- possibly including Wrotham Park & Gamboola (corporate owned by one entity), Highbury & Drumduff, Mt Mulgrave, Strathleven and King Junction stations.
- Liaise with land managers of the Mitchell catchment grazing properties of regarding cattle controlled-access fencing along scarp fronts. If land managers are agreeable, provide material and technical support for these works, ensuring that exclusion occurs on both sides of the riparian corridor. This conglomeration of properties combined are the worst effected by gully erosion in the Mitchell catchment;
- Identify where fencing exists through erosion-prone areas in the Gilbert and Mitchell river and negotiate with landholders to “fill the gaps” where practical and affordable;
Investigate fencing the other side of the Mitchell River from Bellvue Station to create a more effective riverine corridor area, with cattle controlled-access fencing on both sides of the Mitchell River.
This management action is focused on implementing what is recognised as likely the most cost-effective sub-catchment/reach scale response to mitigating grazing exacerbated gully erosion of alluvial river frontage landforms. Components of this trial will include costing and designing of fencing configurations and infrastructure and maintenance costs, management arrangements for excluded frontage country, and long term monitoring of gully condition and behavior and in-channel habitat condition responses.
1.3.1 Develop an education package to raise awareness of feral animal issues. Some specific points include:
- Preventing new, emerging species and the potential expansion of existing ranges under climate change;
- Increasing community understanding of feral animal issues;
- Individual landholder responsibilities;
- Increasing landholder participation in weed and pest containment;
- Acknowledging there have been ‘wins’ and promoting success stories; and
- Increasing awareness and adoption of best practice methods in controlling feral animals.
*THIS APPLIES ACROSS THE WHOLE NORTHERN GULF REGION.
Activities:
- Identify existing resources and tools for the control of feral animals such as cats, pigs etc. and utilise communication networks, social media and web based communications to promote them. Aim for one feral animal social media post per week.
- Profile one feral animal in each edition of Gulf Vision, resulting in 20 featured articles on feral animal threats and management between 2016 to 2021, distributing to 2,000 Northern Gulf residents with each edition.
- Provide one topical feral animal based workshop once a year in the region, in a targeted location for the pest problem.
Partners:
- Biosecurity Qld;
- Qld Herbarium;
- Etheridge Shire Council
- Croydon Shire Council
- Mareeba Shire Council
- Carpentaria Shire Council
- Gulf graziers.
- Qld weed spotter’s network.
Performance Indicators
1.3.2 Collaborate with local government and Biosecurity Qld, through a regional consortium that seeks to deliver coordinated feral animal and pest plant control across properties and land tenures in prioritised and strategically targeted sites, including pig, wild dog, cat, rabbit, horse and agile wallaby management through the following mechanisms:
- Prioritise sites for pig control activities by preparing impact risk and management capacity assessment matrix considering vulnerable biota (e.g. freshwater turtles), macrophyte communities (e.g. spike rush swamps), site remoteness/accessibility and viable control methods;
- Provide subsidized baiting and culling services as incentives for landholders to control feral animal numbers on identified, priority sites;
- Contribute to practitioner and land manager training in advances in effective feral animal control;
- Support local government in the achievement of strategies and priorities as identified in their own Weed and Pest management plans;
- On the basis of all of the above, continually develop a longer term, regional scale feral animal management strategies in collaboration with all key stakeholders.
*THIS APPLIES ACROSS THE WHOLE NORTHERN GULF REGION.
Activities:
- Collaborate with local government to deliver a minimum of one engagement/workshop for on ground staff and land managers on feral animal and weed control, per local government area (Carpentaria, Croydon, Etheridge & Mareeba), per annum, resulting in a total of 20 training events.
- On the basis of local government pest management plans and spatial analysis, prioritise control measures across the region.
- Funding permitting, provide material and technical support to all local government authorities in the control of feral animals on ground, including traps, baiting programs and aerial culls, outsourcing on ground works to relevant local governments.
Partners:
- Qld Biosecurity;
- Qld Herbarium;
- Etheridge Shire Council;
- Croydon Shire Council;
- Mareeba Shire Council;
- Carpentaria Shire Council;
- Mitchell River Watershed Management Group;
- Traditional Owner groups;
- Gulf graziers;
- FNQ ROC;
- Desert Channels;
- NQ Dry Tropics.
Performance Indicators
The shire councils across the Northern Gulf have pest plans in place, which have good directions for feral animal management, resulting from extensive land holder consultation. These plans document prioritisation of weeds, key weed locations and describe control actions. Rather than duplicating the shire councils’ pest management plans and actions, NGRMG can complement these weed & pest programs by providing a strategic view of weed management across the region and providing support to land holders through extension activities.
Supporting feral animal control in the region will be important in the context of predicted climate change impacts because:
Longer dry seasons, including extended droughts
- Changes in abundance of some trees, due to declines from drought induced dieback (eg. Ironbarks & boxwoods more susceptible that sub-dominant bloodwoods). However, unlikely to completely alter ecosystems because of survival and recruitment of saplings into the canopy.
- Cats will put increasing pressure on prey populations and will consume sick and dying animals, possibly moving over to carrion.
- Prey switching during drought period- eg. Cats known to switch from rabbits to invertebrates, birds, reptiles and mammals during drought;
- Movement of pigs into wetlands will increase damage;
- Pig damage exacerbated in non-riparian areas as they move away from watercourses. Pig damage to vine thickets is already evident.
Increased intensity of high rainfall events (flood and cyclone) will effect:
The first flush of food resources will facilitate pig population growth.
1.3.3 Collaborate with local government and Biosecurity Qld, through a regional consortium that seeks to deliver coordinated weed control across properties and land tenures in prioritised and strategically targeted sites through:
- to have a strategic view of key emerging weed & pest issues;
- to provide extension services to liaise with land holders and agencies to help land holders implement and refine weed & pest management practices; and
- help attract and distribute funding to on-ground weed managers, based on the most significant priority weeds and projects determined by the various local agencies.
Activities:
- On the basis of local government weed management plans and spatial analysis, prioritise control measures across the region.
- Provide material and technical support to all local government authorities in the on ground control of priority weeds, outsourcing on ground works to relevant local governments.
Partners:
- Qld Biosecurity;
- Qld Herbarium;
- Etheridge Shire Council (ESC);
- Croydon Shire Council (CrSC);
- Mareeba Shire Council (MSC);
- Carpentaria Shire Council (CaSC)
- MRWMG;
- Traditional Owner groups;
- Gulf graziers;
- FNQ ROC;
- Desert Channels;
- NQ Dry Tropics.
Performance Indicators
As per 1.3.2
Regional NRM can provide valuable regional scale coordination and support across local government areas. NGRMG can also provide assistance to the community by channeling grants to key priority weed & pest projects across the region. This cross regional, landscape wide analysis will be particularly important in the context of uncertain climate futures. For details about key problem weeds in the Northern Gulf region, and their possible responses to climate change, see http://plan.northerngulf.com.au/impacts
1.3.4Promote early detection and management of emerging weeds by educating the general public and key stakeholders (landowners etc.) about key pest plant species through the following:
- Encourage participation in the “Weeds Spotters Network”;
- Establish a public service to provide correct identification of plant species found within Northern Gulf region, including training in the correct procedures for sending plant samples and photographs to the Qld Herbarium;
- Collaborate with neighbouring NRM bodies to conduct a roadside survey to determine the distribution of priority weed species such as thatch grass (Hyparrhenia rufa), navua sedge (Cyperus aromaticus), and gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus) which will be transported from the slashers from Mareeba and could be a major emerging problem weed for the Northern Gulf bio-regions.
*THIS APPLIES ACROSS THE WHOLE NORTHERN GULF REGION.
Activities:
- Identify existing resources and tools for weed management and utilise internal communication networks, social media and web based communications to promote them. Aim for one weed related social media post per week.
- Profile one priority weed in each edition of Gulf Vision, resulting in 20 featured articles on weed management between 2016 to 2021, distributing to 2,000 Northern Gulf residents each time;
- Promote participation in the Weeds Spotters Network through internal communication networks, including Gulf Vision, social media and web based communications;
- Coordinate one workshop in each of Carpentaria, Croydon, Etheridge and Mareeba Shire local government areas for Council staff, Indigenous rangers, land managers and the general public on correct protocols for collecting plant samples for sending to the Qld Herbarium, resulting in four workshops between 2016-2021.
- Coordinate a road-side survey of thatch grass with Southern Gulf catchments, Terrain NRM and Cape York NRM and the Qld Department of Main Roads.
Partners:
- Qld Biosecurity;
- Qld Herbarium;
- Southern Gulf catchments;
- Qld Department of Main Roads;
- Terrain NRM;
- Cape York NRM;
- Southern Gulf Catchments;
- Etheridge Shire Council;
- Croydon Shire Council;
- Mareeba Shire Council;
- Carpentaria Shire Council;
- Gulf graziers;
- Cook Shire Council.
Regional NRM has a role in the identification and education about emerging weed & pest threats and very high priority weeds that are currently of limited extent across the region. This action utilizes existing resources and services provided by other agencies to promote citizen participation in surveillance and identification of emerging weeds. It highlights the importance of collaborating with neighbouring regional bodies to surveil for emerging weeds which could be very destructive if they enter the Northern Gulf, such as thatch & gamba grass & navua sedge. This survey could also be expanded to include other problem weeds.
1.3.5 Continue weeds mapping which has the capacity to be scaled at property, catchment and region level through:
- landholder surveys of priority weeds on 1sq.km grid;
- Regional and catchment scale analysis of weed presence, absence and migration patterns;
- Calibrate and cross reference with remote sensing, local government and biosecurity data and climate change projections of future weed spread scenarios;
- Trial new technologies to expand and maximize weeds mapping effort.
*THIS APPLIES ACROSS THE WHOLE NORTHERN GULF REGION.
Activities:
- Collaborate with Southern Gulf Catchments, and FNQ ROC to access weed mapping from a range of sources and develop and maintain a cross regional weed extent mapping inventory, ground truthed and verified at a range of levels;
- Continue to provide topographic property mapping of weeds on a 1km grid, and calibrate on a regional scale to better understand the distribution and migration of problem weeds, with a target of 10 new landholder and 10 updates annually to 2021, resulting in a total of 50 new surveys and 50 follow up surveys in the period between 2016-2021. Gilbert Catchment will be the area targeted first and then expanded out from there.
Partners:
- Biosecurity Qld;
- James Cook University;
- Charles Darwin University;
- Southern Gulf Catchments;
- FNQ ROC;
- Etheridge Shire Council;
- Croydon Shire Council;
- Mareeba Shire Council;
- Carpentaria Shire Council;
- NRM Spatial hub.
Performance Indicators
1.3.6 Collaborate with Department of Main Roads and the Etheridge Shire Council to investigate the effectiveness of wash down stations in removing weed reproductive material from vehicles in the Northern Gulf region, with the aim of:
- Encouraging and supporting the Etheridge Shire Council to reactivate the existing Mt Surprise wash down station;
- determining the number of vehicles using the Mt Surprise wash down service relative to the traffic load;
- determining if more wash down stations are required in the region, icluding investigating the Lynd junction as potential;
- developing education material for locals and visitors about the importance of using the wash down station and controlling weeds entering the Gulf region.
Activities:
- Liaise with Etheridge Shire Council and Biosecurity Qld to restore the operation of the Mt Surprise wash down, providing costings material and technical support if funds permit;
- Conduct survey of usage proportionate to traffic volumes, if the Mt surprise wash down station becomes operational;
- Develop partnership with Etheridge Shire Council regarding ongoing maintenance and operation of the Mt Surprise wash-down station:
- Develop educational signage and materials to promote its use by motorists;
- Liaise with Biosecurity Qld and relevant local government authorities about the potential of new, strategically located, wash-down stations, to further prevent the entry of problem weeds into the Northern Gulf region.
Partners:
- Qld Biosecurity;
- Qld Department of Main Roads;
- Etheridge Shire Council;
- Mareeba Shire Council
- Bedrock Village, Mt Surprise;
- FNQ ROC;
- Cape York NRM (for Mt Carbine);
- NQ Dry tropics (for Lynd junction).
Performance Indicators
Given that many weed species are likely to spread in range and abundance under climate change projections, strategically located infrastructure like wash down stations may be even more important into the future.
1.3.7 Expand the current Government Agency-backed education and extension strategy for tilapia and other pest fish species of the Upper Mitchell catchment into other catchments of the Northern Gulf region
Activities:
- Identify existing resources and tools on tilapia and pest fish management and utilise internal communication networks, social media and web based communications to promote and disseminate them through the grazing lands. Aim for one tilapia related Facebook post per month.
- Profile tilapia awareness in the regional periodical, resulting in 5 featured articles between 2016 to 2021, distributing to 2,000 Northern Gulf residents each time.
Partners:
- Qld fisheries;
- Qld Biosecurity;
- MSC;
- MRWMG;
- Cape York NRM.
Performance Indicators
This education campaign should focus on ready identification of tilapia and on the risks associated with using tilapia as bait and other ways in which the fish could spread to other catchments, i.e. backyard pond and ‘aquaponics’ overflows. The focus of education campaigns should include risks associated with all exotic species and also translocated native species introductions as there may be other ‘sleeper’ pest species contained in ponds or aquariums that could be released to the wild and generate equivalent or greater impacts than tilapia.
Promote the development of information resources for graziers and Indigenous land about the impact of fires, and promote fire management regimes that aim to achieve the following:
- Manage carbon stocks;
- Maintain open woodland and good pasture composition;
- Woody weed control;
- Spread grazing pressure and control native woody thickening;
- Protect fire-sensitive species;
- Maintain some large, infrequently burnt refuge areas;
- Benefit particular threatened species at particular locations;
- Improve or maintain suitable habitat quality in localized areas which still support an abundance of small to medium sized mammals;
- Manage the alkalinity and nitrogen fertility of soils; and
- Assist with controlling feral animal species
QDAF;
DEHP;
Traditional Owners;
Gulf graziers;
Aboriginal Carbon Fund;
Jawiyabba Warra Aboriginal Corporation;
Carpentaria Land Council Aboriginal Corporation;
Qld Herbarium;
NAFI;
CSIRO.
- Develop fire workshops on the role of fire in Gulf ecosystems. Aim for one per year, resulting in five fire workshop over a period from 2016-2021;
- Disseminate fire guides for the different regional ecosystems of the Northern Gulf, in a modular format so a property report can easily be generated which profiles the specific combinations of regional ecosystems on any given property;
- Provide one on one extension to 4 willing landholders to develop fire management plans for their properties, targeting those which have Nature refuges, Aboriginal managed properties, properties adjoining National Parks, or land managers or want to participate in the carbon economy, resulting in 20 fire management property plans from 2016-2021.
Changes in land management and introduction of grazing animals have disrupted fire management, with some areas being burnt too often or too extensively and others not frequently enough. Fire regimes are needed to improve pasture management and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, as well as to restore cultural values and biodiversity health. There is a wealth of research and traditional knowledge concerning fire management and impacts from across northern Australia that can assist in the development of a local knowledge base and extension program based on local experience and demonstration sites.
Fire management regimes should burn in suitable seasons and be of optimal intensity and frequency. Reinstate fire in some areas that are long unburnt to aid in:
- facilitating native plant recruitment, particularly grasses and forbs;
- maintenance of balanced shrub cover;
- thinning of woody species;
- improving pasture quality;
- controlling weeds such as lantana and rubbervine;
- reducing weed encroachment into pasture; and
- managing for tree height and canopy size rather than density for trees and shrubs that survive burning by re-sprouting, such as most eucalypts.
- Existing sources of information include Carpentaria Land Council 2013, & Qld Herbarium 2015
Improve community coordination of fire programs, especially early season aerial ignition programs and provide education to local fire brigades and community networks on the management of pasture, biodiversity and carbon, while managing the destructive impacts of wildfires.
Local fire brigades and associations- Georgetown, Forsayth, Einasleigh, Mt Surprise, Oak Park, Newcastle Range; Croydon, Chillagoe, Almaden, Mt Carbine.
Participate in the meetings of each rural fire association annually and contribute agenda items such as the biodiversity, carbon and pasture impacts of managing fire, resulting in 10 engagements with community based fire associations from 2015-2021.
Fire management needs to be coordinated to minimise impacts of wildfires escaping from one property to another. Costs savings can also be achieved through coordinated planning and use of resources.
Un-grazed exotic pasture fuel loads i.e. guinea grass in peri urban / agricultural areas also needs to be identified as resulting hot fires are a major risk to riparian communities.
Encourage regional reductions in carbon emissions and participation in the carbon economy through:
- Facilitating the participation of property owners and Traditional Owners in the carbon trading market by disseminating information to industry on emerging opportunities associated with the Emissions Reduction Fund.
- Promoting early wet season burns to manage fire on grazing properties and position land holders to take advantage of emerging carbon markets, including the Savanna burning (areas with under 600ml average rainfall per annum) emissions methodology.
QDAF;
Aboriginal Carbon fund;
Emissions reduction fund;
Gulf Savanna Development.
- Provide ongoing training to Regional Landcare Facilitator/Grazing Lands Officers and Beef $ense team to stay abreast of carbon trading opportunities and disseminate key messages and emerging opportunities through existing community and industry networks, and targeted communications.
- Identify existing resources and tools on carbon economy opportunities and news and utilise internal communication networks, social media and web based communications to promote and disseminate them through the grazing lands. Publish whenever new information becomes available.
The methodologies involve the use of controlled fire management across savannas in the fire prone tropical north of Australia to:
- Reduce the area which is burnt each year;
- Shift the seasonality of burning from the late dry season to the early dry season.
NGRMG should keep abreast of opportunities and developments through the carbon economy, and disseminate relevant information to land managers
Support the development of a conservation economy on privately managed, pastoral leases and protected areas through the following steps:
- Investigate the effectiveness of the stewardship payment program including allocation of funds based on merit, i.e. whether to place a higher value on areas that have been grazed poorly for a number of years or well managed areas.
- Conduct a GIS and field based assessment to identify specific pastoral properties with high value biodiversity assets to target with a proposed ‘conservative grazing management incentives program’, including:
- Directory of Important Wetlands Australia (DIWA) wetlands;
- High conservation value river reaches; and
- Regional frontage ecosystems with ‘of concern’ biodiversity status; and known or predicted threatened species habitats
University of Qld;
Charles Darwin University;
Agforce;
Meat and Livestock Australia;
DEHP;
Gulf Savanna Development.
Collaborate with researchers on assessing the viability of a stewardship scheme, and its potential applicability to the Northern Gulf region, and refine existing spatial assessments of climate change refugial areas to identify a suite of priority sites for potential stewardship payments program.
While these initiatives will continue to be led by researchers and peak bodies, NGRMG can contribute to the development, using robust criteria, to maximise environmental outcomes across Northern Australia, and promote its adoption in the Northern Gulf region.
Support the development of a regional brand for beef from sustainable grazing enterprises based on an accreditation scheme, to market as an environmentally friendly product on both local and export markets, based on completion of NRM based field studies, and ongoing assessment of grazing management by landholders, including monitoring of the results of grazing practices.
Normanton TAFE;
Taste Paradise;
Meat and Livestock Australia;
Gulf Savanna Development.
Collaborate with and actively support moves by regional food networks and economic development associations to assess the viability of a regional beef brand based on sound environmental land and livestock management.
While this initiative will continue to be led by peak bodies and regional development organisations, NGRMG can support their development. Courses may include carbon and climate related topics, weed identification and management, grass identification, fire management, animal management, biodiversity management, animal health and business management.
This accreditation could potentially also apply to a future stewardship scheme. NGRMG can be a key advisor in such initiatives.
Explore opportunities to leverage new development for environmental offsets, and direct funds to restoring priority areas with high value biodiversity assets and climate change refugial areas.
DEHP;
QDAF;
Department of Infrastructure, Local Government & Planning (DILGP)
Gulf graziers;
Development proponents;
Gulf Savanna Development.
Maintain communication with the Qld Government development offsets programs, and promote the restoration of prioritised high value conservation areas to offset any future irrigated agriculture or mineral based development in the Northern Gulf region.
This action will involve ongoing dialogue ad involvement in the development of the Strategic Offsets Investment Strategy – Qld Government, to leverage new resource-based development into strategically located environmental restoration and protections within the region. The Gulf plains and Einasliegh Uplands bioregions have both been assessed as part of this strategy.
Support the development of real economic opportunities for Indigenous and non-Indigenous cultural tourism and enterprises, such as eco-tourism (bush camping/ fishing, bird watching), breeding programs and plant nurseries.
Tagalaka Aboriginal Corporation;
Ewamian Aboriginal Corporation;
Western Yalanji Corporation;
Wokomin people;
Gulf Savanna Development.
Where enlisted, support the aspirations and business plans of Aboriginal organisations in developing cultural tourism and natural resource based enterprises.
Fishing and river/bush camping are existing strong attractors of tourists to the region surely coming up with management arrangements to better managed and therefore be able to promote more these activities is a clear priority for NRM investment i.e. managed river corridors, Ranger permitted camping systems. Furthermore, nature based enterprises such as native plant nurseries deliver a positive outcome in terms of remote employment and NRM services, and should be supported wherever possible.
Explore local employment strategies to surveil biosecurity threats and water quality and biodiversity data collection by developing a monitoring framework and protocols that are easily used by citizens to collect data across the region, including volunteers and casual employees across regional centres.
Employment agencies (various);
Green Army program;
Australian Quarantine (AQIS).
Biosecurity Qld;
Indigenous ranger groups.
Negotiate with employment agencies and Biosecurity Qld regarding opportunities for casual biosecurity surveillance and data collection employment opportunities for residents in regional centres.
Biosecurity surveillance is best done by local people, and the prevention benefits and cost savings of this approach is evidenced by successful Land and sea ranger programs in the Gulf coasts. This approach could be replicated by sourcing funds to provide casual employment to local people in remote centres as well as subcontract Indigenous ranger groups where possible to surveil biosecurity threats and provide an early warning system to relevant agencies.
1.7.1 Support Traditional Owners to better regulate tourism to reduce impacts on country and sacred sites, by:
- Preventing the stealing of artefacts through no-go zones;
- Regulating access to sacred areas;
- Developing education material and signage;
- Encouraging Traditional Owner presence on country; and
- Developing cultural tourism opportunities, where rangers take tourists out on country.
Activities:
When enlisted, provide technical, material and in principle support and assist in leveraging funding for the following:
- Traditional Owners in representing concerns regarding visitor impacts on their country;
- Interpretative signage of natural and cultural values for visitors;
- Indigenous management of regulated access and permit scheme to culturally significant sites.
Partners:
- Alliance for Northern Gulf Indigenous Corporation (ANGIC);
- Jawiyabba Warra Aboriginal Corporation;
- Tagalaka Aboriginal Corporation;
- Chillagoe Aboriginal community.
Performance Indicators
NGRMG will support and assist Indigenous initiatives to better manage tourism impacts on their traditional lands, whilst providing culturally appropriate forms of employment and revenue to Aboriginal communities, and enabling Traditional owners return to country.
1.7.2 Support Traditional Owners to regain, maintain, share and hand down cultural knowledge to succeeding generations, through the continued support the mapping of story/sacred places and initiatives to preserve traditional languages.
Activities:
When enlisted, provide technical, material and in principle support and assist in leveraging funding for the following:
- Indigenous language resources, such as books, CD’s, music and workshops.
- Arts projects promoting Indigenous traditional and contemporary cultural product;
- Mapping of cultural values and significant sites.
Partners:
- Alliance for Northern Gulf Indigenous Corporation (ANGIC);
- Western Yalanji Corporation;
- Tagalaka Aboriginal Corporation;
- Wokomin people..
Performance Indicators
1.7.3 Support existing Indigenous ranger programs, and encourage and support new and emerging Indigenous ranger groups to:
- Undertake on ground works towards improving environmental health;
- Work within National Parks as guides; and
- Collaborate with the land managers of pastoral and mining leases.
Activities:
- When enlisted, provide technical, material and in principle support and assist in leveraging funding for the expansion of existing Indigenous ranger programs, and assist in the establishment of new Indigenous ranger units.
- Where ever possible, engage the services of Indigenous rangers as the preferred and most appropriate service provider to conduct on ground environmental works.
Partners:
- Alliance for Northern Gulf Indigenous Corporation (ANGIC);
- Western Yalanji Corporation;
- Tagalaka Aboriginal Corporation;
- Wokomin people;
- Indigenous Enterprise Development (Australian Department of Prime Minister & Cabinet);
- Qld Department of Education & Training.
Performance Indicators
Indigenous rangers programs provide employment opportunities in remote communities while significantly increasing on ground NRM capacity. The maintenance and expansion of these programs is fully and actively supported by NGRMG.
1.7.4Continue to strengthen country based plans, strategic planning and governance of Aboriginal organisations, as vehicles to build the capacity of Traditional owners to have increased access to country, undertake recreational activities, implement conservation and land management measures, and record the cultural and natural values of country.
Activities:
Continue to contribute to a strong foundation of Indigenous-driven strategies, country-based planning and governance of Aboriginal organisations as a basis of realising Indigenous aspirations for country, by assisting in leveraging funding to expand and update existing plans, and develop new plans where none currently exist, and plan/ strategy implementation.
Partners:
- Alliance for Northern Gulf Indigenous Corporation (ANGIC);
- Western Yalanji Corporation;
- Tagalaka Aboriginal Corporation;
- Wokomin people;
- Indigenous Enterprise Development (Australian Department of Prime Minister & Cabinet)
Performance Indicators
Through the NRM planning engagement process, NGRMG assisted in/ contributed to the development of 6 new strategic/ country based plans and the review of 2 existing plans. These efforts will continue, to provide a basis of strong foundation governance and strategic direction upon which Indigenous aspirations can spring board.
1.7.5 Support and facilitate opportunities for Indigenous rangers and young adults to gain skills by participating in biodiversity fauna surveys, and weed survey and eradication work.
Activities:
- Where enlisted, provide material and technical support for training opportunities for Indigenous rangers and youth.
- Where ever possible, engage the services of Indigenous rangers as the preferred and most appropriate service provider to conduct on ground environmental works;
- Support the development of “Junior ranger” programs for children.
Partners:
- Alliance for Northern Gulf Indigenous Corporation (ANGIC);
- Jawiyabba Warra Aboriginal Corporation;
- Western Yalanji Corporation;
- Tagalaka Aboriginal Corporation;
- Wokomin people.
- Qld Department of Education & Training.
Performance Indicators
Building the skills and capacity of young Traditional owners as next generation land managers in essential to the maintenance of culture and heritage. Employment opportunities should be investigated and established where ever possible to engage young Traditional owners in skills development and on ground NRM works. Junior rangers programs could be developed to facilitate this action.
1.7.6 Continue to assist in the sustainable development of Aboriginal-managed lands.
Activities:
Where enlisted, provide in principle support for the acquisition of land by Traditional Owners and Aboriginal organisations, and funds permitted provide material and technical support to the sustainable development of land currently under Indigenous management.
Partners:
- Ewamian Aboriginal Corporation;
- Wild river rangers;
- Jawiyabba Warra Aboriginal Corporation;
- Chillagoe Aboriginal community.
- Talaroo, Bulimba, Oriners, Powis, Bonny Glen and Kondaparinga stations.
Performance Indicators
Enterprises and land management initiatives on Aboriginal owner lands throughout the Northern Gulf region is actively supported. Traditional owners are entitled to water allocations from Gulf rivers, which may be a key strategic resource in supporting this development.
1.8.1 Promote ecological literacy and a stewardship ethos in the younger generation by developing classroom resources, curriculum material, and hosting excursions and events which relate to the dry tropical savanna environment of the Northern Gulf, through the following:
- Develop wildlife awareness communication tools including posters and wall charts, species identification guides, and classroom resources;
- Disseminate news and relevant educational resources to teachers, parents and students;
- Continue to engage school children in environmental education activities and events;
- Provide training and mentoring opportunities to Gulf youth.
Activities:
- Print and disseminate wildlife posters to all schools and students of the Gulf;
- Provide education material which simplify complex ecological principles like modified trophic webs, vegetation succession patterns, edge effects and biodiversity opportunities in marginalized landscapes.
- Identify relevant environmental education resources and publish newsletter and use web based communications;
- Coordinate a program of regional events, including the annual Gulf Kids Environment Day in Croydon;
- Continue to contribute NRM related activities to the annual Camp Cobbold;
- Provide a NRM based training opportunity for Gulf youth (15-20 years old) annually
Partners:
- Local primary schools (Mt Surprise, Chillagoe, Georgetown, Forsayth, Croydon);
- Education Qld;
- James Cook University;
- Mareeba Agriculture College;
- Schools of distance education.
Performance Indicators
There is a well-recognized dearth of environmental education resources in dry tropical savannas of Northern Australia, which could be provided to school children to promote awareness of their local environment. NGRMG has tried to address this by developing educational resources and events tailored to remote Gulf school communities, to engage children in environmental education. In a recent community survey conducted by NGRMG (2015) this program rated as #2 top most supported activity, so clearly has wide community support.
1.8.2 Develop opportunities for citizen science, via volunteers, tourists, local residents, students and amateur field naturalists in the Northern Gulf region to participate in the collection of field data across the region.
Activities:
- Continue to host and coordinate the field naturalists’ camps over a range of land types and grazing properties, twice per year, resulting in 10 camps from a period of 2016-2021.
- Liaise with universities with the aim of collaborating in the development of tertiary field studies in the Northern Gulf region;
- Liaise with tour operators and caravan parks to attract visitors to field naturalist camps.
Partners:
- Employment agencies (various);
- Green Nomads;
- Wildnet;
- Atlas of Living Australia;
- Universities (various);
- Tourism operators;
- Campervan & Motorhome Club of Australia.
Performance Indicators
This action represents a commitment to continuing the field naturalist’s camps on remote stations to engage naturalists and volunteers in rapid surveys, and where funds permit an expansion of this program. There is potential to expand these activities by attracting tertiary field studies to the region via collaboration for both Australian and international universities. “Grey nomad” visitors to the region could also be engaged in these activities.
1.8.3 Develop a hub of ‘Savanna Knowledge’ to:
- Distill scientific knowledge through key messages that can be used for interpretive purposes.
- Present information in a range of accessible media forms (including websites and apps) to inform both visitors and residents of the unique environmental qualities of the Gulf savanna; and
- Contribute display material to existing information centres and tourist facilities.
Activities:
- Develop a communications package distilling key NRM messages about the dry tropical savanna country of the Northern Gulf, for visitors to the region;
- Develop a suite of web based and hard copy (posters and handouts) communications to reinforce these messages;
- Contribute display materials to each of the visitors centres of the Northern Gulf;
- Develop a regionally specific, environmental awareness “mirco-documentary” series for display in tourist facilities and relevant websites across the region.
Partners:
- Etheridge Shire Council;
- Croydon Shire Council;
- Carpentaria Shire Council;
- Mareeba Shire Council;
- Gulf Savanna Development;
- Savannah Guides;
- Tourism Cape York;
- Tourism associations (various).
- Georgetown Terrestrial centre,
- Croydon True Blue Centre, Chillagoe Hub;
- Bedrock Village in Mt Surprise
- Undara Experience;
- Cobbold Gorge.
Performance Indicators
Visitors to the Northern Gulf region number in the tens of thousands every year. Engaging these visitors with key messages on the unique qualities, key ecological characteristics, values and vulnerabilities of the Northern Gulf’s dry tropical savanna environment provides a basis for imbruing greater commitment to ecological awareness and environmentally responsible behavior for both residents and visitors alike. Existing tourist facilities and visitors centres provide an excellent network and infrastructure to focus these efforts.
1.8.4 Support the strengthening and expansion of rural women’s networks through events and communications.
Activities:
- Continue to provide in principle and material support to rural women’s events, and facilitate women’s networks throughout the Gulf, with the aim of hosting or sponsoring one rural women’s event per annum, resulting in 5 events across the Northern Gulf region from 2016-2021.
- Identify resources and opportunities for the advancement and capacity building of rural women and disseminate through NGRMG communication network.
Partners:
- Resourcing Women of the North committee;
- National Rural Women’s Coalition;
- Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation;
Performance Indicators
This action represents a continued commitment to recognizing the role of rural women as community leaders and NRM champions through promoting and supporting Rural women’s networks including events on an annual basis throughout the region, through the Resourcing Women of the North committee.
1.8.5 Collaborate with existing networks to engage new sectors such (e.g. rural banks, rural agents) on NRM issues and forge linkages and networks with these industries to disseminate key NRM messages.
Activities:
Participate in industry forums and association meetings of finance, retail, insurance and tourist sectors with an interest and influence in the Northern Gulf region (at least one per annum), with the aim of fostering an NRM ethos and understanding throughout the entire community and economy.
Partners:
- Gulf Cattleman’s association;
- Elders;
- Finance institutions;
- Industry associations.
Performance Indicators
This action represents a commitment to expand our networks into new sectors and professional communities in the Grazing lands supply chain, such as rural finance, services & supplies sectors to disseminate an NRM ethos and awareness on a whole of community level.
1.8.6 Recognise the tourism sector as key NRM educators and disseminators of knowledge, and collaborate with them in efforts to provide environmental interpretation and realise new eco-tourism ventures.
Activities:
Provide a tourism summit to discuss regional initiatives to promote environmental awareness and literacy to visitors to the region through tourism, possibly in conjunction with the Savannah guides school.
Partners:
- Tour operators (various);
- Savannah Guides;
- Gulf Savanna Development.
Performance Indicators
Tourist operators are ideally suited and connected to provide environmental education and interpretation to visitors to the Northern Gulf. This action represents a commitment to call a summit of Northern Gulf tour operators to canvas ideas and potential initiatives as the basis for future NRM/ tourism partnerships.
Provide communication channels, available to all stakeholders, to deliberate and ensure long term sustainability concerns are represented in future water resource development planning, including catchment scale and downstream impacts.
DNR&M;
QDAF;
Coastal communities;
Coastal Traditional Owners;
Tagalaka Aboriginal Corporation;
Ewamian Aboriginal Corporation;
Development proponents;
Local government;
GoCCFA;
Fish Portal;
Commercial fishers
Recreational fishers;
Land managers of the Gilbert catchment;
Conservation groups;
Local communities;
Agribusiness (various).
Facilitate a summit in Croydon or Normanton, including scientific panels with relevant experts, in which all stakeholders are represented including development proponents, Traditional Owners, commercial and recreational fishing industries, conservation interests, pastoralists, general community and all tiers of government.
A key theme which emerged from the NRM Planning engagement process is that coastal communities including Traditional owners and commercial fisherman are deeply concerned about the impacts of water resource development which is proposed for further up in the catchment. These communities feel very under consulted by government and industry. Therefore, NGRMG seeks to facilitate a forum which engages all stakeholders (community, government, industry and conservation) to verify, deliberate and mitigate the impacts of development.
Coordinate an “Agricultural Industry Sustainable NRM Working Group”, with representation from relevant industry bodies, landholders and Government agencies via the proposal to develop.
- A targeted water quality monitoring program in agricultural catchments;
- Best management practice trials; and
- Monitoring of land condition.
DNR&M;
QDAF;
Coastal communities;
Coastal Traditional Owners;
Tagalaka Aboriginal Corporation;
Ewamian Aboriginal Corporation;
Development proponents;
Local government;
GoCCFA;
Fish Portal;
Commercial fishers
Recreational fishers;
Land managers of the Gilbert catchment;
Conservation groups;
Local communities.
Initiate and coordinate regular communications for Agricultural Industry Sustainable NRM Working Group, which considers how impacts of irrigated agriculture in the Gilbert catchment can be mitigated to achieve sustainable development of the land and water resource.
To maintain a focus on sustainable NRM within the context of proposed irrigated development in the Gilbert catchment, this action proposes that NGRMG convenes a sustainable NRM working group, representing all sectors with a stake in this development, to meet semi-regularly to discuss potential impacts and means to mitigate them, to contribute to the sustainable development of this natural resource.
Establish a dedicated agricultural catchments program in the Gilbert catchment, which incorporates:
- best management practices for minimising contaminant loads and hydrological impacts associated with intensive agricultural catchment runoff and irrigation tailwater;
- early detection program on the basis of a range of environmental indicators, including salinity profiles, water quality and soil condition.
DNR&M;
QDAF;
Coastal communities;
Coastal Traditional Owners;
Tagalaka Aboriginal Corporation;
Ewamian Aboriginal Corporation;
Development proponents;
Local government;
GoCCFA;
Fish Portal;
Commercial fishers
Recreational fishers;
Land managers of the Gilbert catchment;
Conservation groups;
Local communities.
If proposals for the expansion of irrigated agriculture in the Gilbert catchment are approved and go into an operational phase, seek funding for the establishment of an agricultural extension program with a field officer based in Georgetown, by replicating elements of the successful Tropical Agriculture Program model operating in the MDIA, and customizing it to the Gilbert catchment.
Should approval for intensive, irrigated development be granted them agricultural extension officer based out of Georgetown should engage new irrigators in efficiencies, environmental mitigation measures and good NRM outcomes, working in close collaboration with NGRMG’s Tropical Agriculture Program and replicating elements of this program.
Utilisation of uploadable, instantaneous water quality monitoring probes (nutrients, salinity, turbidity +) is specifically recommended for monitoring and reporting of BMP trials (RE: irrigation methods/practices, fertiliser application, pesticide use, tillage practices) to sub catchment stakeholders (Trialled in Lower Burdekin Basin irrigation areas). Whilst water volumes are currently being monitored by relevant agencies, there is no monitoring of pH, electrical conductivity and turbidity. Current and potential water resource development in the Gilbert catchment should require ongoing monitoring of all these elements, which will provide real-time indicators of salinity and erosion from land clearing. NGRMG is ideally positioned to undertake this monitoring.
Undertake a social research project to determine the reasons for the lack of adoption of grazing best management practices. |
Undertake a research project to investigate the abundance and distribution of cats within the Northern Gulf region and a comparison between other regions, including:
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Conduct research on the abundance and distribution of the northern quoll in the Northern Gulf region, including the impacts of: Feral cats; Cane toads; and pastoral and land management practices. |
Weed management in the region is currently driven by a species-led prioritisation process. Need to determine and incorporate the complexity of ecological processes of weed spread and establishment, and take account of the values and assets in the landscape and identify the most cost-effective responses to emerging weeds vs high-cost eradication/control programs for WONs. |
Need for more baseline biodiversity monitoring. |
Develop practical models for joint management of areas of high biodiversity value (how to get an economic and management model that improves biodiversity). |
Ecosystem service payments future – how to manage this? |
What is the impact of introduced grass species on native species’ distribution and densities? |
Determine the limits of distribution of the ‘isolated’ population of greater gliders in Blackbraes National Park. Involving locals to identify the population viability of this isolated cohort (John Winter). |
What are the likely impacts of forecast demographic change on natural resource management systems in the region?
Demographics include:
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Identify if true income can be generated from a ‘conservation economy’ (e.g. tourism potential, potential to harvest and raise native parrot/ cockatoo chicks for international trade, native grass seed collection). If the public wish to keep northern Australian landscapes intact how can communities develop economies to have comparable wealth to areas that have been ‘allowed’ to develop? |
How effective or perverse is environmental law in remote areas? Many laws seem to be developed for higher population centre issues; are they cost prohibitive or nonsensical in remote areas? |